Albertz, historical past of Israelite faith, II, pp. 610-13. 31. Cf. Albertz, heritage of Israelite faith, II, pp. 503-504. Neh. thirteen. 25-27 refers back to the dtn. /dtr. prohibition of combined marriages (Deut. 7. three; cf. 1 Kgs 11); Neh. thirteen. 4-13 presupposes the relation of clergymen and Levites, normal for P (cf. Num. 18. 25-32). 32. See Stern (ed. ), Greek and Latin Authors, I, pp. 20-34, esp. pp. 26-29. The resource has been already brought within the dialogue of the Seminar through Lester L. Grabbe (see pp. 131-33 below), yet to date it has now not been mentioned within the literaryhistorical context. ALBERTZ An finish to the Confusion? forty-one at the one hand, Hecataeus's record partially differs largely from what we all know approximately Israelite heritage and Jewish customs from biblical and historical close to jap resources: after the Jews have been expelled from Egypt as a result of a pestilence and pushed into later Judaea, which was once completely uninhabited at the moment (§§1-2), their chief Moses based Jerusalem in addition to another towns, demonstrated the temple, drew up their legislation and ordered their political associations (§3). He put in all of the clergymen, who are usually not purely perform the temple providers but additionally functionality as judges and guardians of legislation and customs (§§4-5). for you to do all their tasks with none distraction they possessed a bigger volume of land than usual humans (§7). They elected one colleague whom they considered as more advantageous in knowledge and advantage to be the excessive priest with the intention to act as messenger among the folk and God's commandments within the assemblies. hence, in response to Hecataeus, the Jews by no means had a king (§5). to the contrary, it was once Moses who led out army expeditions opposed to the neighbouring tribes and made provision for struggle in a later section in their heritage (§6). additionally, in offering for a superb and inexpensive schooling of Jewish youngsters, he made certain that the Jews turned a populous country forever (§8). evidently during this presentation of Jewish heritage the complete interval of the Israelite and Judaean kingdoms is passed over. Moses, no longer David, is visible to be the founding father of Jerusalem. He additionally performs the position of Joshua to some degree. subsequent to him the authority of the monks and particularly the excessive priest is so much in demand. The declare that the monks owned land estate contradicts the laws made in Num. 18. 23-24; Deut. 10. nine; 12. 12; 18. 1. however, Hecataeus's document corresponds in lots of attention-grabbing info with what we fairly find out about postexilic Judaism. It mentions the—ideal—division of the full humans into 12 tribes (§3; cf. Num. 1; 7; 26, and so forth. ), the aniconic and monotheistic notion of God (§4), the truth that Jewish laws for cult and way of life differed from these of different international locations (cf. Lev. 18. 1-5, 24-30, and so forth. ) and had—in the eyes of a Greek—an unnatural (dTidvOpcoTcov) and illiberal (uioo^evov) contact (§4), and the—ideal—custom to distribute equivalent allottments of land to all inner most voters and to ban them from promoting their person plots so that it will hinder the oppression of the poorer sessions (§7, cf.