Galilee: From Alexander the Great to Hadrian 323 BCE to 135 CE : A Study of Second Temple Judaism

By Sean Freyne

Contents :

The geography of Galilee and its human settlement
Galilee, the increase of Hellenism and the Jewish response
Galilee lower than the Romans, sixty three B.C.E. - one hundred thirty five C.E.
The towns and the Hellenistic ethos of Galilee
Economic realities and social stratification
How progressive used to be Galilee?
The Galileans and the temple
Galilee and the halakhah
Christianity in Galilee.

"This ebook might be on the middle of next discussions approximately Galilee and will turn out to be a helpful source for the research of Judaism and Christianity of this era The writing is apparent and the arguments well-presented ..."
---David Rhoads, magazine of Biblical Literature

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F o r a t i m e h e s e e m s t o 126 GALILEE FROM A L E X A N D E R T H E G R E A T T O H A D R I A N h a v e h a d h i s h e a d q u a r t e r s t h e r e (Life 6 four . 103) a n d s a v e d it f r o m t h e i r e of t h e G a l i l e a n s (Life 31), but t h e p e o p l e of S e p p h o r i s m i s ­ relied on h i m a n d tried to devise opposed to h i m with Jesus, the a r c h b r i g a n d f r o m t h e d i s t r i c t of P t o l e m a i s (Life 104-10). T h e i r hostility to J o s e p h u s c a n be visible i n their a t t i t u d e t o w a r d s his competitors from J e r u s a l e m w h o h a d been despatched to take away h i m from workplace a t t h e i n s t i g a t i o n of J o h n of G i s c h a l a . I n t h e s u m m a r y a c c o u n t of t h i s e p i s o d e i n t h e warfare (2:626-31) w e h e a r of S e p p h o r i s , G a b a r a , Gischala a n d Tiberias j o i n i n g his o p p o n e n t s o n their a r r i v a l (airecrTrjaap), b u t t h a t J o s e p h u s w a s a b l e t o w i n t h e m b a c ok w i t h o u t v i o l e n c e . I n existence t h e s e s a m e t o w n s ( G i s c h a l a is n a t u r a l l y o m i t t e d within the context) are acknowledged to were ordered to s u p p o r t J o h n (Life 2 zero three ) . Y e t l a t e r t h e d e l e g a t e s after m a okay i n g a n u n s u c c e s s ­ ful t o u r of v i l l a g e s i n a n a t t e m p t t o stir u p a n i m o s i t y a g a i n s t J o s e p h u s r e p a i r e d to S e p p h o r i s , w h e r e they have been obtained through the i n h a b i t a n t s , r a t h e r c o l d l y , o n e s u s p e c t s , for t h e y m o v e d o n t o o t h e r v i l l a g e s a n d f i n a l l y t o G a b a r a (Life 2 three 2 ) . fifty nine F r o m t h i s e v i d e n c e , h i g h l y p e r s o n a l t h o u g h it's, o n e g a t h e r s that the Sepphorites' p r o - R o m a n stance, their perspective in the direction of J o s e p h u s in addition to the a n t i p a t h y present among themselves a n d t h e G a l i l e a n s a r e n o t d u e t o a d i s r e g a r d for J u d a i s m as s u c h , b u t r a t h e r s h o w a refusal to b e c o m e fascinated about the political t u r m o i l that used to be constructing. thankfully w e are in a postion to fill o u t t h i s p i c t u r e of S e p p h o r i s f r o m r a b b i n i c s o u r c e s , b o t h p r i o r t o a n d after 70 C . E . F r o m t h e s e it's a p p a r e n t t h a t i n t h e p e r i o d b e f o r e 70 C . E . S e p p h o r i s w a s o n e of t h e few p r i e s t l y t o w n s i n G a l i l e e . T h e e v i d e n c e of R a b b i J o s e b e n H a l a p h t a w h o l i v e d i n S e p p h o r i s i n t h e s e c o n d h a l f of t h e s e c o n d c e n t u r y C . E . is of p a r ­ ticular value, given his o w n g e n u i n e historic curiosity in t h e p a s t of h i s p e o p l e , a n d t h e truth t h a t h i s f a t h e r w a s h e a d of t h e c o m m u n i t y i n S e p p h o r i s s h o r t l y after 70 C . E . J o s e m e n t i o n s t h a t a p r i e s t f r o m S e p p h o r i s , J o s e b e n I l l e m t o o ok t h e p l a c e of t h e h i g h p r i e s t o n t h e d a y of a t o n e m e n t .

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