Husserl and Heidegger on Human Experience

By Pierre Keller

During this ebook Pierre Keller examines Husserl's and Heidegger's methods to basic parts of human event, and indicates either how their conceptions are on the topic of one another and the way they healthy right into a wider philosophical context. His refined and obtainable account of the phenomenological philosophy of Husserl and the existential phenomenology of Heidegger may be of vast curiosity to scholars and experts in those parts, whereas analytic philosophers of brain can be attracted to the exact parallels that he attracts with a few issues of the analytic philosophical culture.

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I conclude that Heidegger's analysis gives us  some basis for thinking that his own notion of temporality is built into an understanding of temporal experience. But his initial thesis that time cannot exist independently  of us in nature proves to be indefensible, and he first wavers about the status of time vis­à­vis nature and is then eventually forced to give up the implausible claim in  favor of the view that time is necessary to the very being of nature. Care and Temporality Against the Husserlian idea, also defended by B­theorists in the philosophy of time, that there is a form of tenseless existence that characterizes individuals, Heidegger  argues that "If the expressions 'before' [vor] and 'already' [schon] were to have this tensed [zeithafte] signification, which they can also have, then one would be  saying with the temporality of care that it [care] is something which is 'earlier' and 'later,' 'not yet' and 'no longer' all at once. Care would then be conceived of as an  entity which is found and runs its course 'in time. ' The being of an entity with the character of Dasein would become something present at hand" (SuZ, p. 375). Heidegger also wants to avoid an A­series of time according to which temporal process    Page 186 1 would be understood as a "becoming of the ecstasies (thus the present becomes the past, the future becomes the present, etc. )"  He thus also rejects the Husserlian  idea that experiences are in time in the sense of being past, present, and future. While there is a sense in which one can say that experiences are past, present, and  future in virtue of their being picked out demonstratively, he wants to reject Husserl's idea that past, present, and future are constituted by a sequence of experiences  that have a kind of consciousness of themselves. However, Heidegger takes over two important ideas from Husserl's analysis of time­consciousness. The first idea is that time is not to be understood fundamentally in  terms of what can be measured by clocks. For Heidegger, as for Husserl, this has to do with the claim that any account of time in terms of what is measurable by  clocks would have to depend on some knowledge of physical processes which cannot be presupposed any longer when we reach the fundamental level of temporal  event. He also takes over from Husserl the idea that the interconnectedness of past, present, and future involves a distinctive form of intentionality that is the key  to understanding all other experience. However, Heidegger wants to show how the presencing involved in Husserl's notion of intentionality, consciousness's  directedness at objects, involves an understanding of spatio­temporal context that undercuts any prospects for achieving the methodological solipsism to which Husserl  is attracted. This involves a reinterpretation of the whole notion of experience (away from the interiority of "Erlebnisse"). Heidegger wants to reinterpret the nature of the distinction between past, present, and future away from the model of a series regardless of whether we interpret it as  what McTaggart would call an A­, B­, or even C­series.

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